Washington and the French & Indian War

Many Americans believe independence wars are extremely important in the 18th century in the United States. However, some historian claims that the French Indian War is a more important event, and the events and aftermas have led to the road to independence.

The war tested the relationship between the United States and the homeland. The decision caused by the conflict questioned both British and American partnerships in colonial era. After the French Indian War, it became clear that the United States and the United Kingdom were developing on different routes, cultural and socially, and the war revealed the fundamental differences between the UK and the United States, and worsened. Ta.

George Washington was a very important person since the early days of the French Indian War. For Washington, the French Indian War began in 1753 when he was selected as the British messenger to establish France. The war ended when British and colonial Allies have fallen to Fort Dukane. At the time he applied, he was a young and ambitious. His actions and ambitions, which reflect their lack of experience, determined where the war went.

War was an important event in Washington's life and growth. His subsequent decisions and actions are influenced by the experience of the French Indian War. Washington's war experience not only gave him a valuable lesson on conducting and politics, but also r e-examined his professional and personal goals. The war provided a valuable military experience in Washington and formed his perception of colonial and the United Kingdom. Washington was reborn as a no n-naive person from the war. < SPAN> Many Americans believe independent wars are extremely important in the 18th century in the United States. However, some historian claims that the French Indian War is a more important event, and the events and aftermas have led to the road to independence.

The war tested the relationship between the United States and the homeland. The decision caused by the conflict questioned both British and American partnerships in colonial era. After the French Indian War, it became clear that the United States and the United Kingdom were developing on different routes, cultural and socially, and the war revealed the fundamental differences between the UK and the United States, and worsened. Ta.

George Washington was a very important person since the early days of the French Indian War. For Washington, the French Indian War began in 1753 when he was selected as the British messenger to establish France. The war ended when British and colonial Allies have fallen to Fort Dukane. At the time he applied, he was a young and ambitious. His actions and ambitions, which reflect their lack of experience, determined where the war went.

War was an important event in Washington's life and growth. His subsequent decisions and actions are influenced by the experience of the French Indian War. Washington's war experience not only gave him a valuable lesson on conducting and politics, but also r e-examined his professional and personal goals. The war provided a valuable military experience in Washington and formed his perception of colonial and the United Kingdom. Washington was reborn as a no n-naive person from the war. Many Americans believe independence wars are extremely important in the 18th century in the United States. However, some historian claims that the French Indian War is a more important event, and the events and aftermas have led to the road to independence.

Mission to the Ohio

The war tested the relationship between the United States and the homeland. The decision caused by the conflict questioned both British and American partnerships in colonial era. After the French Indian War, it became clear that the United States and the United Kingdom were developing on different routes, cultural and socially, and the war revealed the fundamental differences between the UK and the United States, and worsened. Ta.

George Washington was a very important person since the early days of the French Indian War. For Washington, the French Indian War began in 1753 when he was selected as the British messenger to establish France. The war ended when British and colonial Allies have fallen to Fort Dukane. At the time he applied, he was a young and ambitious. His actions and ambitions, which reflect their lack of experience, determined where the war went.

War was an important event in Washington's life and growth. His subsequent decisions and actions are influenced by the experience of the French Indian War. Washington's war experience not only gave him a valuable lesson on conducting and politics, but also r e-examined his professional and personal goals. The war provided a valuable military experience in Washington and formed his perception of colonial and the United Kingdom. Washington was reborn as a no n-naive person from the war.

Washington was an ambitious young man and wanted to be a soldier. Washington's brothers, Lawrence Washington, were in the UK's invasion of Cartagena [1], and was in charge of Brebit in the UK, and served as a Virginian military deputy. In the 18th century Virginia, government posts are generally inherited in the clan, and it may be because of this background that Washington tried to become a military commander by actively succeeding Lawrence. do not have. Captain's role was to teach the use and exercise of weapons to the military officers and soldiers, enhanced the discipline of militia, and taught courteswelds to the lower class men. The colonial government divided the colonies into four military papers, and Washington worked to become the Northern Neck Captain, including his house. However, Washington was appointed as a supplementary officer in the southern district from the James River to the North Carolina border. It was a pity that I didn't get a area close to my home, but I was appointed by 100 pounds and Major Virginia because it was an honor for Washington, who was not 21 years old (without military experience). There was [2].

By the early 1750s, France and the United Kingdom were in conflict in the Ohio valley. Since the European settlement began in the 17th century, the settlement of British people has gradually expanded west from the east coast, and the settlement of French people has moved south from Canada. In the 1740s, British merchants entered the Ohio Valley and began competing over the already established French merchants and Indian commercial transactions. In 1744, Irokoy signed the Lancaster Treaty with the United Kingdom and ceded Irochoi's territorial rights in Maryland and Virginia. The IroCoi tribe thought that the treaty was a land that had already settled as a colony as the Senando Valley, but the British interpreted that it means all areas of the British territory. The Virginia Charter stipulated the west boundary as the Pacific Ocean. < SPAN> Washington was an ambitious young man and wanted to be a soldier. Washington's brothers, Lawrence Washington, were in the UK's invasion of Cartagena [1], and was in charge of Brebit in the UK, and served as a Virginian military deputy. In the 18th century Virginia, government posts are generally inherited in the clan, and it may be because of this background that Washington tried to become a military commander by actively succeeding Lawrence. do not have. Captain's role was to teach the use and exercise of weapons to the military officers and soldiers, enhanced the discipline of militia, and taught courteswelds to the lower class men. The colonial government divided the colonies into four military papers, and Washington worked to become the Northern Neck Captain, including his house. However, Washington was appointed as a supplementary officer in the southern district from the James River to the North Carolina border. It was a pity that I didn't get a area close to my home, but I was appointed by 100 pounds and Major Virginia because it was an honor for Washington, who was not 21 years old (without military experience). There was [2].

By the early 1750s, France and the United Kingdom were in conflict in the Ohio valley. Since the European settlement began in the 17th century, the settlement of British people has gradually expanded west from the east coast, and the settlement of French people has moved south from Canada. In the 1740s, British merchants entered the Ohio Valley and began competing over the already established French merchants and Indian commercial transactions. In 1744, Irokoy signed the Lancaster Treaty with the United Kingdom and ceded Irochoi's territorial rights in Maryland and Virginia. The IroCoi tribe thought that the treaty was a land that had already settled as a colony as the Senando Valley, but the British interpreted that it means all areas of the British territory. The Virginia Charter stipulated the west boundary as the Pacific Ocean. Washington was an ambitious young man and wanted to be a soldier. Washington's brothers, Lawrence Washington, were in the UK's invasion of Cartagena [1], and was in charge of Brebit in the UK, and served as a Virginian military deputy. In the 18th century Virginia, government posts are generally inherited in the clan, and it may be because of this background that Washington tried to become a military commander by actively succeeding Lawrence. do not have. Captain's role was to teach the use and exercise of weapons to the military officers and soldiers, enhanced the discipline of militia, and taught courteswelds to the lower class men. The colonial government divided the colonies into four military papers, and Washington worked to become the Northern Neck Captain, including his house. However, Washington was appointed as a supplementary officer in the southern district from the James River to the North Carolina border. It was a pity that I didn't get a area close to my home, but I was appointed by 100 pounds and Major Virginia because it was an honor for Washington, who was not 21 years old (without military experience). There was [2].

By the early 1750s, France and the United Kingdom were in conflict in the Ohio valley. Since the European settlement began in the 17th century, the settlement of British people has gradually expanded west from the east coast, and the settlement of French people has moved south from Canada. In the 1740s, British merchants entered the Ohio Valley and began competing over the already established French merchants and Indian commercial transactions. In 1744, Irokoy signed the Lancaster Treaty with the United Kingdom and ceded Irochoi's territorial rights in Maryland and Virginia. The IroCoi tribe thought that the treaty was a land that had already settled as a colony as the Senando Valley, but the British interpreted that it means all areas of the British territory. The Virginia Charter stipulated the west boundary as the Pacific Ocean.

In 1745, the Virginia House of Delegates began granting western land to Virginia-based land companies.[3] France saw this as a threat to its claims based on earlier exploration and settlement. In 1752, France sent Marquis Duquesne as Governor of Canada to command French forces in North America. Throughout the remainder of 1752 and early 1753, the French built strategically placed forts throughout the Ohio Valley to protect their claims.[4]

Lieutenant Governor Robert Dinwiddie (National Portrait Gallery) Virginia's Lieutenant Governor Robert Dinwiddie was particularly vocal in his appeals to the British government through his Privy Council to stop French incursions into the Ohio Valley. Dinwiddie had significant economic interests in the Ohio Company and may have seen his investments threatened. The Privy Council agreed to give the colonial governor the power to resist French aggression in America. Under King George II's instructions, the governor was to build forts, protect English interests, and keep Indians and Europeans out of English lands. George II authorized Dinwiddie to ask the House of Burgess for funds and raise a militia.[5] However, Dinwiddie had a feud with the House of Burgess, which refused to vote funds for an armed expedition against France,[6] so he decided to send an emissary instead.[7] Washington may have heard about the expedition from his neighbor and patron, Colonel William Fairfax. In October 1753, Washington traveled to Williamsburg and presented himself to Dinwiddie, volunteering to be an emissary from England to France.[8] [8] Washington never explicitly said why he accepted the assignment, but it may have been because he was hoping to succeed him as lieutenant in the North and wanted to do the governor a favor. Dinwiddie accepted Washington's job, possibly because of his connections with the Ohio Company.[9]

[10], Dinwydy went to Washington to Wils Creek (Camberland, Maryland), where the Ohio's formed warehouse is located, to hire Christopher Gist as a guide. [10] From there, Washington hired a porter and headed to the Indian residence, Logs Town. In Logstown, Washington confirmed where the French troops were stationed, requested the Indian escort, and headed to the French forces in the Ohio River basin. When Washington arrives in French Fort, Dinwy has instructed him to submit a letter from the Governor, wait for a reply, and request a French army escort to return to Virginia settlement. While waiting at the fort, he recorded troops, armaments, defense, and communication, and had to know as much as possible about the French plan.

Washington's first official visit was Logs Town. The Mingos, the Shony, and the Delaware tribe living in the Ohio valley were customers / allies in the IroCoi Union. The IroCoi Council has appointed the mayor resident in the Ohio Valley of the Ohio Valley. These "hal f-king" had the authority to receive diplomatic gifts for the covenant, but could not sign an independent treaty. Logs Town's hal f-king was an adopted Seneca named Tanachalison [14], and was called the "hal f-king" by Virginians in the colonial era. When Washington arrived in Logs Town, he gave a gift and persuaded Tanacharison to the Alliance with the United Kingdom. Tanachalison was dissatisfied with France, and seemed to be eager to the Alliance with Britain. He had previously talked with Captain Pierre Paul de La Margin, French Commander, and requested French to leave Indian territory. Commander refused to leave, claiming that the land was owned by the French. He also refused to receive a belt of the on e-pam treaty presented by Tanachalison (indicating that the Treaty of Indian has been destroyed). Tanachalison was angry with it and was excited to pass the belt to Captain Jack Legaldor de Sain t-Pierre, a new French Commander of Fort Lebuof. He took a few days to prepare for his trip, but he agreed with Washington accompanied to French Fort and provided an official escort. Washington

The Washington and his party arrived in Venango, the first French fort on December 4. The French troops expelled John Fraser, a British merchant, from his trading post, and forced his building as a fort. Commander Philip Thomas Joan Kale (Count Shavale) greeted Washington, but refused to receive Washington's letter. He argued that Washington would go to Fort Fort Fort to French Commander French Commander. Joan Care also refused to receive the Tanachalison belt, but also instructed to head to Fort Lebuof.

Jumonville Glen and the Start of the War

After that, the party headed to Fort Le Bouf, where he met a local commander, Captain Jack Legaldor de Sunpier. San Pierre is also reluctant to receive the letter, and Washington suggested that he to submit a letter to Quebec's Canada. Washington refused this and waited for San Pierre's reply. As in Benango, Washington investigated the fortress. The party immediately suspected that the French people were trying to deprive the Indian loyalty. Sampierre was more sympathetic and harmful than marine, but refused to accept the treaty belt. At this point, Washington was convinced that the French troops were preparing to flow large troops to the river as soon as the weather was allowed. Immediately after receiving Sanpierre's reply, Washington and his party left, claiming to accompany the Indian. [18]

As the end of December, the expedition became more difficult. According to Washington and Gist's diary, the Indian succumbed to the French hospitality and alcohol before the party arrived at the last France's outpost, and Washington left them. Washington has ordered the porters to continue traveling alone, as the weather is getting worse, and he and Gist on foot on foot to earn better time. After several miserable experiences, Washington and Gist returned to the end of the virginia settlement, and Washington hurried to deliver the documents and impressions to Dinwiddy. < SPAN> Washington and his party arrived on December 4 in Venango, the first French fort. The French troops expelled John Fraser, a British merchant, from his trading post, and forced his building as a fort. Commander Philip Thomas Joan Kale (Count Shavale) greeted Washington, but refused to receive Washington's letter. He argued that Washington would go to Fort Fort Fort to French Commander French Commander. Joan Care also refused to receive the Tanachalison belt, but also instructed to head to Fort Lebuof.

After that, the party headed to Fort Le Bouf, where he met a local commander, Captain Jack Legaldor de Sunpier. San Pierre is also reluctant to receive the letter, and Washington suggested that he to submit a letter to Quebec's Canada. Washington refused this and waited for San Pierre's reply. As in Benango, Washington investigated the fortress. The party immediately suspected that the French people were trying to deprive the Indian loyalty. Sampierre was more sympathetic and harmful than marine, but refused to accept the treaty belt. At this point, Washington was convinced that the French troops were preparing to flow large troops to the river as soon as the weather was allowed. Immediately after receiving Sanpierre's reply, Washington and his party left, claiming to accompany the Indian. [18]

As the end of December, the expedition became more difficult. According to Washington and Gist's diary, the Indian succumbed to the French hospitality and alcohol before the party arrived at the last France's outpost, and Washington left them. Washington has ordered the porters to continue traveling alone, as the weather is getting worse, and he and Gist on foot on foot to earn better time. After several miserable experiences, Washington and Gist returned to the end of the virginia settlement, and Washington hurried to deliver the documents and impressions to Dinwiddy. The Washington and his party arrived in Venango, the first French fort on December 4. The French troops expelled John Fraser, a British merchant, from his trading post, and forced his building as a fort. Commander Philip Thomas Joan Kale (Count Shavale) greeted Washington, but refused to receive Washington's letter. He argued that Washington would go to Fort Fort Fort to French Commander French Commander. Joan Care also refused to receive the Tanachalison belt, but also instructed to head to Fort Lebuof.

After that, the party headed to Fort Le Bouf, where he met a local commander, Captain Jack Legaldor de Sunpier. San Pierre is also reluctant to receive the letter, and Washington suggested that he to submit a letter to Quebec's Canada. Washington refused this and waited for San Pierre's reply. As in Benango, Washington investigated the fortress. The party immediately suspected that the French people were trying to deprive the Indian loyalty. Sampierre was more sympathetic and harmful than marine, but refused to accept the treaty belt. At this point, Washington was convinced that the French troops were preparing to flow large troops to the river as soon as the weather was allowed. Immediately after receiving Sanpierre's reply, Washington and his party left, claiming to accompany the Indian. [18]

As the end of December, the expedition became more difficult. According to Washington and Gist's diary, the Indian succumbed to the French hospitality and alcohol before the party arrived at the last France's outpost, and Washington left them. Washington has ordered the porters to continue traveling alone, as the weather is getting worse, and he and Gist on foot on foot to earn better time. After several miserable experiences, Washington and Gist returned to the end of the virginia settlement, and Washington hurried to deliver the documents and impressions to Dinwiddy.

Washington arrived in Williamsberg on January 16, 1754 and immediately reported to Dinwiddy. Dinwydy was convinced that the French fort construction and Sampierre's response was an invasion of the United Kingdom. In addition, he thought that the invasion was so terrible to justify military response. The Governor Congress intended to approve military behavior, but did not approve the lower house. So, while the parliament was closed, the parliament had the authority to form a army to kick out the French army from Ohio. [22] Washington was promoted to Colonel, gathered members, and prepared for an expedition. While Washington was recruiting members in Alexandria, Virginia, Indian merchant William Trent was gathering 100 pioneers. [23] The pioneer's mission was to build a fort as soon as possible on the Momonga Hera's divided road to defend the French invasion.

Fort Necessity

Washington was instructed to gather soldiers from a western county. Probably the most interested county in maintaining the opening of Frontier. Counted officers were also instructed to cooperate. This was the first time that Washington gathered and secured soldiers. The local militia was confused, and few were volunteered by the lo w-day paid day. Under the threat of a recruitment, some local officials offered men from the county prison to Washington! [twenty four]. Washington wrote to his brother John Ogastin that "you may succeed almost the same way, even if you try to revive the dead again as the strength of this country." [twenty five]. When it became clear that militia alone could not secure sufficient soldiers, Dinwiddy allowed a general enlistment to get rewards by giving land near the founded fort.

Washington also knew that it was difficult to procure supplies as well as personnel. Most of the men who came to the army were poor. Less than a gun that was obliged by militia, he did not have clothing or shoes. Alexandria's John Carlele was appointed as a member of the Supply Committee, but was unable to secure the necessary amounts of supplies due to lack of funds. < SPAN> Washington arrived in Williamsberg on January 16, 1754 and immediately reported to Dinwydy. Dinwydy was convinced that the French fort construction and Sampierre's response was an invasion of the United Kingdom. In addition, he thought that the invasion was so terrible to justify military response. The Governor Congress intended to approve military behavior, but did not approve the lower house. So, while the parliament was closed, the parliament had the authority to form a army to kick out the French army from Ohio. [22] Washington was promoted to Colonel, gathered members, and prepared for an expedition. While Washington was recruiting members in Alexandria, Virginia, Indian merchant William Trent was gathering 100 pioneers. [23] The pioneer's mission was to build a fort as soon as possible on the Momonga Hera's divided road to defend the French invasion.

Washington was instructed to gather soldiers from a western county. Probably the most interested county in maintaining the opening of Frontier. Counted officers were also instructed to cooperate. This was the first time that Washington gathered and secured soldiers. The local militia was confused, and few were volunteered by the lo w-day paid day. Under the threat of a recruitment, some local officials offered men from the county prison to Washington! [twenty four]. Washington wrote to his brother John Ogastin that "you may succeed almost the same way, even if you try to revive the dead again as the strength of this country." [twenty five]. When it became clear that militia alone could not secure sufficient soldiers, Dinwiddy allowed a general enlistment to get rewards by giving land near the founded fort.

Washington also knew that it was difficult to procure supplies as well as personnel. Most of the men who came to the army were poor. Less than a gun that was obliged by militia, he did not have clothing or shoes. Alexandria's John Carlele was appointed as a member of the Supply Committee, but was unable to secure the necessary amounts of supplies due to lack of funds. Washington arrived in Williamsberg on January 16, 1754 and immediately reported to Dinwiddy. Dinwydy was convinced that the French fort construction and Sampierre's response was an invasion of the United Kingdom. In addition, he thought that the invasion was so terrible to justify military response. The Governor Congress intended to approve military behavior, but did not approve the lower house. So, while the parliament was closed, the parliament had the authority to form a army to kick out the French army from Ohio. [22] Washington was promoted to Colonel, gathered members, and prepared for an expedition. While Washington was recruiting members in Alexandria, Virginia, Indian merchant William Trent was gathering 100 pioneers. [23] The pioneer's mission was to build a fort as soon as possible on the Momonga Hera's divided road to defend the French invasion.

Washington was instructed to gather soldiers from a western county. Probably the most interested county in maintaining the opening of Frontier. Counted officers were also instructed to cooperate. This was the first time that Washington gathered and secured soldiers. The local militia was confused, and few were volunteered by the lo w-day paid day. Under the threat of a recruitment, some local officials offered men from the county prison to Washington! [twenty four]. Washington wrote to his brother John Ogastin that "you may succeed almost the same way, even if you try to revive the dead again as the strength of this country." [twenty five]. When it became clear that militia alone could not secure sufficient soldiers, Dinwiddy allowed a general enlistment to get rewards by giving land near the founded fort.

Washington also knew that it was difficult to procure supplies as well as personnel. Most of the men who came to the army were poor. Less than a gun that was obliged by militia, he did not have clothing or shoes. Alexandria's John Carlele was appointed as a member of the Supply Committee, but was unable to secure the necessary amounts of supplies due to lack of funds.

We always realize the need for soldiers' clothing every day. It can be seen that the majority of soldiers who are planning to join are completely lazy people who are completely inconvenient at home and at home. Many people don't wear shoes, some are not wearing stockings, while others are not wearing shirts. [28]

Braddock's March

Supplementary issues also extended to food, carriage and horse. The army was given the authority to impress a carriage and horses, but the farmers were hiding the best carriers and horses from the shop. Washington wrote a letter to the governor many times and called for funds and supplies, but was almost ineffective. Washington was frustrated that the government did not provide funds or did not buy the necessary items.

On April 18, 1754, Washington began the army march toward the frontier. His troops were only 159, there were few supplies, and there were few carriages. His destination was a British fort under construction on the Momonga Hella River. Dinwy had heard that the French army was gathering soldiers to attack the fort earlier than expected. His instructions were clear:

You turn into the offensive, but if you try to hinder the construction of your fort, or if you try to hinder your fortification, you will stop all such criminals and resist. Is a prisoner, or kill and destroy it. Others are to act on their own according to the status of their services, promoting the services of His Majesty and the benefits of the territory. [29]

Washington encountered a place where Lieutenant Edward Ward's unit retreated from Folks during the march. The French troops occupied a British fort without shooting. Word surrendered before the overwhelming dominance. Washington continued to advance, understanding that reinforcements were heading. The fly was planning to leave Alexandria with 100 soldiers. South Carolina and New York were independent three squads [31]. North Carolina also reported that it was dispatching militia to support the British and colonies. [33] Washington thought he was a large soldier's front line, chose to continue the operation, and aimed for a fortressed storage for Ohio Company in Redstone Creek. [33]

On May 24, Washington set a camp to Great Medows and prepared a small fort. Washington has judged that this place is advantageous because there is a stream for water, has sufficient feed, has a natural trench, and has an open field for battle. While Washington was camping, the scouts and merchants, who had withdrawn from the France French troops, stopped by to report that the French army was active in the area. Washington believed that the French troops needed to cut off the French troops before reporting the British force and position. Washington dispatched 75 reconnaissance squads on the morning of May 27. That night, a messenger from Tanachalison arrived at the camp and told the Indian to know the location of the French Corps. Washington dispatched 40 soldiers and rendezvous with Tanacarison warriors.

The Forbes Expedition

Today's Jumon Ville Glenn (Rob Senk) < SPAN> Washington encountered a place where Ennied Word Ward's unit retreated from Folks during the march. The French troops occupied a British fort without shooting. Word surrendered before the overwhelming dominance. Washington continued to advance, understanding that reinforcements were heading. The fly was planning to leave Alexandria with 100 soldiers. South Carolina and New York were independent three squads [31]. North Carolina also reported that it was dispatching militia to support the British and colonies. [33] Washington thought he was a large soldier's front line, chose to continue the operation, and aimed for a fortressed storage for Ohio Company in Redstone Creek. [33]

On May 24, Washington set a camp to Great Medows and prepared a small fort. Washington has judged that this place is advantageous because there is a stream for water, has sufficient feed, has a natural trench, and has an open field for battle. While Washington was camping, the scouts and merchants, who had withdrawn from the France French troops, stopped by to report that the French army was active in the area. Washington believed that the French troops needed to cut off the French troops before reporting the British force and position. Washington dispatched 75 reconnaissance squads on the morning of May 27. That night, a messenger from Tanachalison arrived at the camp and told the Indian to know the location of the French Corps. Washington dispatched 40 soldiers and rendezvous with Tanacarison warriors.

Today's Jumon Villy Glenk (Rob Senx) Washington encountered a place where Lieutenant Edward Ward's unit retreated from Folks during the march. The French troops occupied a British fort without shooting. Word surrendered before the overwhelming dominance. Washington continued to advance, understanding that reinforcements were heading. The fly was planning to leave Alexandria with 100 soldiers. South Carolina and New York were independent three squads [31]. North Carolina also reported that it was dispatching militia to support the British and colonies. [33] Washington thought he was a large soldier's front line, chose to continue the operation, and aimed for a fortressed storage for Ohio Company in Redstone Creek. [33]

On May 24, Washington set a camp to Great Medows and prepared a small fort. Washington has judged that this place is advantageous because there is a stream for water, has sufficient feed, has a natural trench, and has an open field for battle. While Washington was camping, the scouts and merchants, who had withdrawn from the France French troops, stopped by to report that the French army was active in the area. Washington believed that the French troops needed to cut off the French troops before reporting the British force and position. Washington dispatched 75 reconnaissance squads on the morning of May 27. That night, a messenger from Tanachalison arrived at the camp and told the Indian to know the location of the French Corps. Washington dispatched 40 soldiers and rendezvous with Tanacarison warriors.

Today's Jumon Ville Glenn (Rob Senx)

Tanacharison and his warriors led Washington to the French camp at the bottom of a deep, rock-rimmed ravine. It was early that morning and the French were just beginning to move in. It is unclear whether one of the French opened fire when they saw the British and Indians surrounding the rim of the ravine, or whether one of Washington's men opened fire first. Regardless of who initiated the engagement, Washington's men fired down from the top of the ravine into the camp, quickly overpowering the French. Washington later reported that the French had suffered one killed and three wounded, while the expedition's leader, Lieutenant Joseph Coulon de Villiers de Jumonville, had suffered 14 killed and wounded. As Washington began the process of accepting the French surrender, Tanacharison's Indians suddenly began killing the wounded French and scalping the dead. Washington was able to save one of the wounded and all of the healthy prisoners.[35] The surviving French prisoners claimed to be an ambassadorial party and handed Washington documents to prove it. They claimed that their instructions were to find the British and remove them from French territory, which was different from the mission Washington had undertaken the previous winter. The prisoners were taken back to Great Meadows, where Washington denied the idea that they were an emissary. If they were emissaries, he argued, they would have approached the British camp openly, without hiding. He speculated that they were there to spy on his troops and report back, and that their diplomatic role was merely a ploy to use in case they were captured.[36]

Washington returned to Great Meadows and spent the next few weeks preparing for battle. Fearing that the French and Indians would attack in retaliation for their earlier attack on him, Washington urged his men to complete a small palisaded fort called Fort Necessity and deepen trenches radiating from the fort.[37] Washington boasted to Dinwiddie that the fort was so strong that "we would not fear an attack from 500 men."[38] Shortly after, a separate company of South Carolina troops led by Captain James McKay arrived at Great Meadows with 100 men. At the same time, Tanacharison and his men, about 80 women and children, and some warriors, set up camp. Washington began planning an attack on Fort Duquesne.[40]

Washington did not intend to be stationed in Fort Nescity [41], but was based on a formed storage of Ohio Company in Red Stone Creek [42]. He and Virginia Army [43] left Fort Neshity on June 16 and headed for Red Stone Creek. On the way, he stopped at a gist's new residence for a meeting with the local Indian tribe. Washington hoped to persuade the Delaware, Shornie, and Irokoys to participate in attacking the French troops. Every tribe was polite, but refused to join him. The information that the French army is preparing to attack the British troops has begun to enter. Washington's army had no energy or ability to go to Redstone Creek, and returned to Fort Ness City. Washington wanted to be promised and needed to arrive at Fort. [44]

In Nes City, Washington focused on preparing for the fort. The soldiers deepened the trenches and connected the trench into a water source. Washington thought that Fort Nesitei was still located in Great Medows. The ground was very wetland, and the fort was placed so that only one side had enough hard ground to support the attack. Washington assumed that the French troops would fight on the battlefield in traditional European battles. < SPAN> Washington did not intend to be stationed in Fort Nescity [41], but rather was based on a fortressed storage for Ohio Company in Red Stone Creek [42]. He and Virginia Army [43] left Fort Neshity on June 16 and headed for Red Stone Creek. On the way, he stopped at a gist's new residence for a meeting with the local Indian tribe. Washington hoped to persuade the Delaware, Shornie, and Irokoys to participate in attacking the French troops. Every tribe was polite, but refused to join him. The information that the French army is preparing to attack the British troops has begun to enter. Washington's army had no energy or ability to go to Redstone Creek, and returned to Fort Ness City. Washington wanted to be promised and needed to arrive at Fort. [44]

In Nes City, Washington focused on preparing for the fort. The soldiers deepened the trenches and connected the trench into a water source. Washington thought that Fort Nesitei was still located in Great Medows. The ground was very wetland, and the fort was placed so that only one side had enough hard ground to support the attack. Washington assumed that the French troops would fight on the battlefield in traditional European battles. Washington did not intend to be stationed in Fort Nescity [41], but was based on a formed storage of Ohio Company in Red Stone Creek [42]. He and Virginia Army [43] left Fort Neshity on June 16 and headed for Red Stone Creek. On the way, he stopped at a gist's new residence for a meeting with the local Indian tribe. Washington hoped to persuade the Delaware, Shornie, and Irokoys to participate in attacking the French troops. Every tribe was polite, but refused to join him. The information that the French army is preparing to attack the British troops has begun to enter. Washington's army had no energy or ability to go to Redstone Creek, and returned to Fort Ness City. Washington wanted to be promised and needed to arrive at Fort. [44]

In Nes City, Washington focused on preparing for the fort. The soldiers deepened the trenches and connected the trench into a water source. Washington thought that Fort Nesitei was still located in Great Medows. The ground was very wetland, and the fort was placed so that only one side had enough hard ground to support the attack. Washington assumed that the French troops would fight on the battlefield in traditional European battles.

It began to rain early in the morning on the 3rd of the month. The French army appeared around 11:00 am that day, and has been divided into three rows. Washington ordered his subordinates to get out of the fort and aligned for battle. The French army fired from about 600 yards, and the British trenched in rainwater trenches to protect the fort. As we moved up to about 60 yards, the French troops scattered on the surrounding hills. The French troops began firing eight hours to small fort and exposed British soldiers. ... "[47] The French army canceled the attack at 8pm and demanded Pallei. Washington immediately doubted why the French army had clearly won, but tried to negotiate. He grasped his resources. All horses and livestock were killed. The gunpowder was damp, and most soldiers' guns were packed with no prospects for repair. On e-third of his subordinates were killed or injured. Washington dispatched the only French officer Jacob Van Brahm and William Peronnie to negotiate with the French Army. After several exchanges, Van Brahm brought back the documentation.

Fort Nes City (Rob Shenx)

The term was hard to hear. It was written in French in a very poor character on a rapidly wet paper in the rain. Because it was dark, the British General College could only check the conditions with a slight candle. Nobody except Van Brahm couldn't speak French and couldn't read it. According to the UK, the British returned to French POWs, left the area, agreed that they would not return for at least one year, and even acknowledged Zumon Ville's "death" or "loss." He was welcomed to leave the fort without any damage. McCay and Washington signed the conditions. Until the surrender documents were translated and published more accurately, Washington and Britain did not understand that he had acknowledged the assassination of a peaceful ambassador. Van Brahm was thoroughly criticized for the failure of translation, and was temporarily sued for rebellion. < SPAN> It began to rain early in the morning on the 3rd of the month. The French army appeared around 11:00 am that day, and has been divided into three rows. Washington ordered his subordinates to get out of the fort and aligned for battle. The French troops fired from about 600 yards, and the British trenched in a trench filled with rainwater and protected the fort. As we moved up to about 60 yards, the French troops scattered on the surrounding hills. The French troops began firing eight hours to small fort and exposed British soldiers. ... "[47] The French army canceled the attack at 8pm and demanded Pallei. Washington immediately doubted why the French army had clearly won, but tried to negotiate. He grasped his resources. All horses and livestock were killed. The gunpowder was damp, and most soldiers' guns were packed with no prospects for repair. On e-third of his subordinates were killed or injured. Washington dispatched the only French officer Jacob Van Brahm and William Peronnie to negotiate with the French Army. After several exchanges, Van Brahm brought back the documentation.

Fort Nes City (Rob Shenx)

The term was hard to hear. It was written in French in a very poor character on a rapidly wet paper in the rain. Because it was dark, the British General College could only check the conditions with a slight candle. Nobody except Van Brahm couldn't speak French and couldn't read it. According to the UK, the British returned to French POWs, left the area, agreed that they would not return for at least one year, and even acknowledged Zumon Ville's "death" or "loss." He was welcomed to leave the fort without any damage. McCay and Washington signed the conditions. Until the surrender documents were translated and published more accurately, Washington and Britain did not understand that he had acknowledged the assassination of a peaceful ambassador. Van Brahm was thoroughly criticized for the failure of translation, and was temporarily sued for rebellion. It began to rain early in the morning on the 3rd of the month. The French army appeared around 11:00 am that day, and has been divided into three rows. Washington ordered his subordinates to get out of the fort and aligned for battle. The French army fired from about 600 yards, and the British trenched in rainwater trenches to protect the fort. As we moved up to about 60 yards, the French troops scattered on the surrounding hills. The French troops began firing eight hours to small fort and exposed British soldiers. ... "[47] The French army canceled the attack at 8pm and demanded Pallei. Washington immediately doubted why the French army had clearly won, but tried to negotiate. He grasped his resources. All horses and livestock were killed. The gunpowder was damp, and most soldiers' guns were packed with no prospects for repair. On e-third of his subordinates were killed or injured. Washington dispatched the only French officer Jacob Van Brahm and William Peronnie to negotiate with the French Army. After several exchanges, Van Brahm brought back the documentation.

Fort Nes City (Rob Senx)

The term was hard to hear. It was written in French in a very poor character on a rapidly wet paper in the rain. Because it was dark, the British General College could only check the conditions with a slight candle. Nobody except Van Brahm couldn't speak French and couldn't read it. According to the UK, the British returned to French POWs, left the area, agreed that they would not return for at least one year, and even acknowledged Zumon Ville's "death" or "loss." He welcomed the fort without injuries. McCay and Washington signed the conditions. Until the surrender documents were translated and published more accurately, Washington and Britain did not understand that he had acknowledged the assassination of a peaceful ambassador. Van Brahm was thoroughly criticized for the failure of translation, and was temporarily sued for rebellion.

On July 4, 1754, Washington and the British army departed from Fort Nesitei and headed to the background of Winchester, Virginia for reorganization. [54] Dinwydy had immediately recovered the regiment to complete troops and returned to the battlefield immediately before the fall of the fall operation season. Dinwydy, tired of the conflict between the colonies and regular soldiers over who has the authority, plans to reorganize the Virginia Regiment into an independent company conducted by Captain. He wanted Virginians to be appointed as a regular captain. Washington did not want to work in a lower class than before, even if he was appointed a regular army. When Washington was appointed, he said, "I think the disparity between the current squadron and the previous class is too large, and I have the right to conduct or command. I don't think we can expect true satisfaction and fun to the corps. " In October 1754, Washington resigned to Dinwiddy to conduct Virginia and returned to his private life to concentrate on the farm.

Washington returned to military life in March 1755. The United Kingdom led Brigadier Brigadocks to Virginia, led by the British regular soldiers to capture Fort Dukane, Pensilvania, the main base of the French troops. General Bradok has participated in this expedition with Washington as a "family." This was the first opportunity for Washington to participate in military operations led by experienced professional officers. He rejected some correspondents, but renewed their hopes for the regular army. The strategy was not successful, and the British army lost greatly on the Momonga Hira River. Washington took the command of retreat. Bradock died of injury, and Washington ordered him to bury it under the road he has opened. Despite the fact that it was only July, Colonel Thomas Dumbbar, the next commander, put the regular army in the winter dormitory. < SPAN> On July 4, 1754, Washington and the British Army departed Fort Nesitei and headed to the background of Winchester, Virginia for reorganization. [54] Dinwydy had immediately recovered the regiment to complete troops and returned to the battlefield immediately before the fall of the fall operation season. Dinwydy, tired of the conflict between the colonies and regular soldiers over who has the authority, plans to reorganize the Virginia Regiment into an independent company conducted by Captain. He wanted Virginians to be appointed as a regular captain. Washington did not want to work in a lower class than before, even if he was appointed a regular army. When Washington was appointed, he said, "I think the disparity between the current squadron and the previous class is too large, and I have the right to conduct or command. I don't think we can expect true satisfaction and fun to the corps. " In October 1754, Washington resigned to Dinwiddy to conduct Virginia and returned to his private life to concentrate on the farm.

Washington returned to military life in March 1755. The United Kingdom led Brigadier Brigadocks to Virginia, led by the British regular soldiers to capture Fort Dukane, Pensilvania, the main base of the French troops. General Bradok has participated in this expedition with Washington as a "family." This was the first opportunity for Washington to participate in military operations led by experienced professional officers. He rejected some correspondents, but renewed their hopes for the regular army. The strategy was not successful, and the British army lost greatly on the Momonga Hira River. Washington took the command of retreat. Bradock died of injury, and Washington ordered him to bury it under the road he has opened. Despite the fact that it was only July, Colonel Thomas Dumbbar, the next commander, put the regular army in the winter dormitory. On July 4, 1754, Washington and the British army departed from Fort Nesitei and headed to the background of Winchester, Virginia for reorganization. [54] Dinwydy had immediately recovered the regiment to complete troops and returned to the battlefield immediately before the fall of the fall operation season. Dinwydy, tired of the conflict between the colonies and regular soldiers over who has the authority, plans to reorganize the Virginia Regiment into an independent company conducted by Captain. He wanted Virginians to be appointed as a regular captain. Washington did not want to work in a lower class than before, even if he was appointed a regular army. When Washington was appointed, he said, "I think the disparity between the current squadron and the previous class is too large, and I have the right to conduct or command. I don't think we can expect true satisfaction and fun to the corps. " In October 1754, Washington resigned to Dinwiddy to conduct Virginia and returned to his private life to concentrate on the farm.

Washington returned to military life in March 1755. The United Kingdom led Brigadier Brigadocks to Virginia, led by the British regular soldiers to capture Fort Dukane, Pensilvania, the main base of the French troops. General Bradok has participated in this expedition with Washington as a "family." This was the first opportunity for Washington to participate in military operations led by experienced professional officers. He rejected some correspondents, but renewed their hopes for the regular army. The strategy was not successful, and the British army lost greatly on the Momonga Hira River. Washington took the command of retreat. Bradock died of injury, and Washington ordered him to bury it under the road he has opened. Despite the July, Colonel Thomas Dumb, the next commander, put the regular army in the winter dormitory.

Dinwild did not try to accept that the British remnants were not willing to return to the battlefield. Dinwydy has decided not to accept the British Army remnants to return to the battlefield, but have requested the Burgess Congress for funding and dispatching the Virgin forces again. Washington argued that he wanted to pay for his expenses, he wanted to choose his own officer, and that two assistants were needed. Dinwidy agreed to this. Washington departed to set up the command in Winchester, Virginia.

Washington was in front of the troop recruitment and replenishment. He spent a huge amount of time to adjust these efforts. Washington also struggled to keep the soldiers who have been hired or recruited once in military service. He wrote a letter to the governor and Representative of the House of Representatives to revise the militia. He criticized that the law was written to be exempted from military service even wealthy or middle class men. The law was disproportionate to extreme poor recruitment and put a burden on the local community. Washington was dissatisfied with the quality of the soldiers. "I have witnessed the arrogance of the soldiers, the laziness of the officers, and the insane. Washington realizes that the militia is unwanted and motivated. "The mission of them was unreliable because of the short," especially the militia from the adjacent county must take the mission someday. The British remnants did not want to return to the battlefield, and did not try to accept the British remnants and do not want to return to the battlefield. Washington has decided to pay for his expenses, choosing his own officer, and two assistants. We agree with this to set up the command in Winchester, Virginia.

Washington was in front of the troop recruitment and replenishment. He spent a huge amount of time to adjust these efforts. Washington also struggled to keep the soldiers who have been hired or recruited once in military service. He wrote a letter to the governor and Representative of the House of Representatives to revise the militia. He criticized that the law was written to be exempted from military service even wealthy or middle class men. The law was disproportionate to extreme poor recruitment and put a burden on the local community. Washington was dissatisfied with the quality of the soldiers. "I have witnessed the arrogance of the soldiers, the laziness of the officers, and the insane. Washington realizes that the militia is unwanted and motivated. Her mission was unreliable, saying, "Especially the militia from the adjacent county must take the mission someday. The remnants did not want to return to the battlefield, and did not try to accept the British Army's remnants, and demanded the Virgin Army for funding. Washington has decided to pay for the expense, choosing his own officer, and agreed. [60] Washington settled in Winchester, Virginia.

Washington was in front of the troop recruitment and replenishment. He spent a huge amount of time to adjust these efforts. Washington also struggled to keep the soldiers who have been hired or recruited once in military service. He wrote a letter to the governor and Representative of the House of Representatives to revise the militia. He criticized that the law was written to be exempted from military service even wealthy or middle class men. The law was disproportionate to extreme poor recruitment and put a burden on the local community. Washington was dissatisfied with the quality of the soldiers. "I have witnessed the arrogance of the soldiers, the laziness of the officers, and the insane. Washington realizes that the militia is unwanted and motivated. Was a short time, "Especially the militia from the adjacent county must be on their own.

The support for the war was unpopular among local people. The escape soldier was commonly hidden from the army. Washington describes the local mob of several men who have been detained until they were consigned and transferred to the regiment. This was not an isolated act [64]. [65] The settlers threatened that they would blow off my (Washington) brain. Washington felt difficult to carry out his duties with the lack of support among the fighting people and the virginian government's lukewarm support.

Washington's mission as General Virginia was to implement a strategy to maintain the Virginia frontier. After the defeat of Bradock, the border of the colonial colonial has dramatically reduced. Indians attacked the pioneering and isolated towns. According to Washington, the settlers left the background in a large number of Indian reasons. The settlers immediately abandoned the farm and retreated to a safer area. Virginia has decided to build a series of small frontier fort, along with Pennsylvania and Maryland. These fortes were a barrier to prevent Indian raids and the invasion of France. Washington was skeptical of the plan from the beginning. "When I was in the House of Representatives, it seems that the House of Representatives should build a series of fortes in our frontier to defend the people: If there is no unimaginable soldier. I don't think they can meet their expectations. "[68] There were few truth fortes. Most of the fort was small, had low defense, and was difficult to defend. Washington's dilemma was too far away from 18 miles to 20 miles, and soldiers could not patrol between the fort and fort. In this case, the settlers remain defenseless. If the settlers evacuate to the fort, their farms will be defenseless. < SPAN> The support for the war was unpopular among local people. The escape soldier was commonly hidden from the army. Washington describes the local mob of several men who have been detained until they were consigned and transferred to the regiment. This was not an isolated act [64]. [65] The settlers threatened that they would blow off my (Washington) brain when trying to impress the necessary supplies. [65] Washington felt difficult to carry out his duties with the lack of support among the fighting people and the virginian government's lukewarm support.

Washington's mission as General Virginia was to implement a strategy to maintain the Virginia frontier. After the defeat of Bradock, the border of the colonial colonial has dramatically reduced. Indians attacked the pioneering and isolated towns. According to Washington, the settlers left the background in a large number of Indian reasons. The settlers immediately abandoned the farm and retreated to a safer area. Virginia has decided to build a series of small frontier fort, along with Pennsylvania and Maryland. These fortes were a barrier to prevent Indian raids and the invasion of France. Washington was skeptical of the plan from the beginning. "When I was in the House of Representatives, it seems that the House of Representatives should build a series of fortes in our frontier to defend the people: If there is no unimaginable soldier. I don't think they can meet their expectations. "[68] There were few truth fortes. Most of the fort was small, had low defense, and was difficult to defend. Washington's dilemma was too far away from 18 miles to 20 miles, and soldiers could not patrol between the fort and fort. In this case, the settlers remain defenseless. If the settlers evacuate to the fort, their farms will be defenseless. The support for the war was unpopular among local people. The escape soldier was commonly hidden from the army. Washington describes the local mob of several men who have been detained until they were consigned and transferred to the regiment. This was not an isolated act [64]. [65] The settlers threatened that they would blow off my (Washington) brain. Washington felt difficult to carry out his duties with the lack of support among the fighting people and the virginian government's lukewarm support.

Washington's mission as General Virginia was to implement a strategy to maintain the Virginia frontier. After the defeat of Bradock, the border of the colonial colonial has dramatically reduced. Indians attacked the pioneering and isolated towns. According to Washington, the settlers left the background in a large number of Indian reasons. The settlers immediately abandoned the farm and retreated to a safer area. Virginia has decided to build a series of small frontier fort, along with Pennsylvania and Maryland. These fortes were a barrier to prevent Indian raids and the invasion of France. Washington was skeptical of the plan from the beginning. "When I was in the House of Representatives, it seems that the House of Representatives should build a series of fortes in our frontier to defend the people: If there is no unimaginable soldier. I don't think they can meet their expectations. "[68] There were few truth fortes. Most of the fort was small, had low defense, and was difficult to defend. Washington's dilemma was too far away from 18 miles to 20 miles, and soldiers could not patrol between the fort and the fort. In this case, the settlers remain defenseless. If the settlers evacuate to the fort, their farms will be defenseless.

Then in 1755, British frontier strategy changed. The American army was reorganized for three major campaigns. Washington and his First Virginia Regiment were assigned to General John Forbes. The Second Virginia Regiment was organized and raised under Colonel William Byrd III, also under Forbes. Forbes's assignment was to lead the attack on Fort Duquesne. Washington and Byrd were to be line officers under Forbes' command.[71] The issue of command was finally settled when it was decided that colonial officers could only command as many as regular officers.[72]

Fort Ligonier (Rob Schenck)

Washington agreed to a strategy of marching a strong, well-supplied army to Fort Duquesne. Forbes's army consisted of 6, 000 to 7, 000 regular and colonial troops.[73] Washington did not agree with the route that Forbes had decided upon. Forbes intended to open an entirely new West Road starting from Pennsylvania, rather than reviving Braddock's old road. Washington argued that it would be easier to expand Braddock's road than to start it over again. Washington also knew that the Army's road would then move frontier trade back east. To Washington's disappointment, he wanted to follow Braddock's road into Virginia, rather than the route into Pennsylvania that Forbes suggested.[74]

Forbes' expedition was meticulously planned and executed. Forbes's strengths were his attention to detail and his determination to keep his supply lines open. He also insisted that his men follow his orders exactly, rather than acting independently. He was furious when he learned that hundreds of men had been lost in an unauthorized preemptive attack on Duquesne.[75] Forbes was a good example for Washington, who learned from him the importance of supplies to keep an army in the field.

In November, the British army finally occupied Fort Dukane, and the operation ended. As the British army approached, the French Commander was worried that he could protect his own place. A few months before the British army occupied Fort Frontenac, the supply route was cut off. He chose to abandon his place and ordered the bombing of the bullet and baking of the fort on November 23. Washington led the advance squad and reached a trace wrapped in the smoke of the fort on November 24, 1758. Before the British army fired Fort Dukane, they also attacked other French army and were successful. The French troops are now losing the war.

This is because colonial enlistment deadlines were approaching at the end of November. However, in November, not only the enlistment of many local soldiers ended, but also Washington's involvement in the war. He achieved his initial military goal and ended the operation. Washington began a war, ordering the French army to export and leaving the UK. Washington ended the war when the French army quickly lost his territory and withdrawn. Washington returned to Williamsberg at the end of the year and finally resigned from the Virginia army. Washington was a candidate for the House of Representatives election that year and won in February. The widow's proposal to Martha Dandridge Castis was also accepted, and the dates for their wedding were decided in January. Washington was ready for a new challenge as a member of the Diet and as a planter. < Span> In November, the British army finally occupied Fort Dukane and the operation ended. As the British army approached, the French Commander was worried that he could protect his own place. A few months before the British army occupied Fort Frontenac, the supply route was cut off. He chose to abandon his place and ordered the bombing of the bullet and baking of the fort on November 23. Washington led the advance squad and reached a trace wrapped in the smoke of the fort on November 24, 1758. Before the British army fired Fort Dukane, they also attacked other French army and were successful. The French troops are now losing the war.

This is because colonial enlistment deadlines were approaching at the end of November. However, in November, not only the enlistment of many local soldiers ended, but also Washington's involvement in the war. He achieved his initial military goal and ended the operation. Washington began a war, ordering the French army to export and leaving the UK. Washington ended the war when the French army quickly lost his territory and withdrawn. Washington returned to Williamsberg at the end of the year and finally resigned from the Virginia army. Washington was a candidate for the House of Representatives election that year and won in February. The widow's proposal to Martha Dandridge Castis was also accepted, and the dates for their wedding were decided in January. Washington was ready for a new challenge as a member of the Diet and as a planter. In November, the British army finally occupied Fort Dukane, and the operation ended. As the British army approached, the French Commander was worried that he could protect his own place. A few months before the British army occupied Fort Frontenac, the supply route was cut off. He chose to abandon his place and ordered the bombing of the bullet and baking of the fort on November 23. Washington led the advance squad and reached a trace wrapped in the smoke of the fort on November 24, 1758. Before the British army fired Fort Dukane, they also attacked other French army and were successful. The French troops are now losing the war.

This is because colonial enlistment deadlines were approaching at the end of November. However, in November, not only the enlistment of many local soldiers ended, but also Washington's involvement in the war. He achieved his initial military goal and ended the operation. Washington began a war, ordering the French army to export and leaving the UK. Washington ended the war when the French army quickly lost his territory and withdrawn. Washington returned to Williamsberg at the end of the year and finally resigned from the Virginia army. Washington was a candidate for the House of Representatives election that year and won in February. The widow's proposal to Martha Dandridge Castis was also accepted, and the dates for their wedding were decided in January. Washington was ready for a new challenge as a member of the Diet and as a planter.

Washington has started his career as a soldier with his enthusiasm and hopes of being able to succeed by serving his Majesty. When he lasted his military affairs, he knew that despite his "weapons" [77], he could not succeed under military affairs, despite his "weapons". He was invited by Captain several times [78], but was unacceptable to get a lower class than the Virginia army. When he acted with a regular officer, it was revealed that Britain had little respect for colonies and its abilities. When he commanded the Virginia Army, he realized that the Virginia Congress did not want to provide the funds necessary for the military equipment and support. In addition, he was frustrated by the lack of support of the people he should protect. My initial enthusiasm, which reported in Glen of Jumon Ville, "I heard the bullet whistle, but there was something attractive in the sound" [79] occupied Fort Dukine. By the time I was cold. However, in a severa l-year independence war, he reminds me of the military experience in the French Indian War and takes advantage of the lessons learned.

Her Elizabeth L. Maurer Education Project Manager

[1] Cartagena in Colombia is an island city and a major port in South America. In 1740, Spain occupied Carthaenna when the British Army and Navy attacked the fortress as part of the declaration of war with Spain.

[2] Douglas South All Freeman's "George Washington Den", Young Washington, 1740: A Biography, Young Washington, Vol. 1, New York, Charles Scrivner's Sons, 1948, 267-8.

[3] Fred Anderson, The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766, Alfred A. 23.

[6] This feud was over the pistol fee. According to the law, the Governor had the right to receive one pistol (moderate coin) each time the Virginia seal was used in the official document. Most governor tried, but no governor succeeded in collecting this fee from Congress. Dinwydy was more stubborn than the other governor and refused to press the seal on a new law until the fee was paid. Dinwydy eventually lost to the struggle.

[9] Washington's older brother Lawrence was an investor of Ohio land company. Washington conducted some investigations with a Fairfax patent. Lord Fairfax was also an investor.

[10] Christopher Gist was a pioneer and explorer. He was hired by the Ohio Company in 1749 to survey land claims and explore the Ohio Valley. He was active in the development of the frontier. For Washington's instructions, see Papers, vol. 1, Colonial Series, 60-61.

[11] The British did not know the exact location of the French forts. Dinwiddie and Washington knew that the Indians at Logstown knew the locations of the forts and the best route to get there, which was the primary reason for sending Washington to Logstown.

[12] Freeman, 276. See Appendix 2 for Washington's mileage.

[14] There are several spellings of this name. This is the National Park Service spelling.

[15] George Washington, The Journal of Major George Washington: An Account of His First Official Mission, made as Emissary from the Governor of Virginia to the Commandant of the French Forces on the Ohio, October 1753-January 1754 , Dominion Books, The University Press of Virginia (Charlottesville, VA; 1959), 13. Washington did not understand Tanacharison's relationship with the Onondaga Council or the extent of its authority. The deputy king had no authority to make treaties, and Washington had asked him to make one. However, as a nominal ally of the British, Tanacharison needed to appease Washington as much as possible. Tanacharison could return the treaty belt to the French, letting them know that they had offended him. He could not risk bringing large numbers of warriors to the French forts, which might be interpreted as aggressive. The Iroquois had long been successful in deceiving both the French and the British into believing that they controlled the balance of power in the Ohio Valley, and it was in their interest to maintain this pretense. See Anderson, p. 18.

[16] Location of present-day Franklin, Pennsylvania.

[17] Washington's diary, 15. Joncaire gave Washington a meal with copious amounts of wine. Washington pretended to be drunk and overheard Joncaire and his officers discussing French plans for control of the Ohio Valley.

[19] For Washington's adventures returning from the French army, see the essay "Washington's Return from the French Forts." For Dinwiddie's letter and St. Pierre's response, see Appendix 1.

[20] Freeman, 338. Dinwiddie was pleased with Washington's performance, and shortly after Washington's arrival, he was appointed military adjutant for the Northern Neck. Dinwiddie urged Washington to publish his journal to rally support for expelling the French.[25]

[25] The Papers of George Washington, 1748-August 1755, ed. W. W. Abbott, Colonial Series, vol. I, Charlottesville, University Press of Virginia, 289. Washington to John Augustine Washington, May 28, 1755.

[28] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 73-4.

[29] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 65. Robert Dinwiddie to Washington, January 1754.

• [30] Freeman, 350. Washington Papers.
• [31] An Independent Company was a company of British regular soldiers recruited from among the colonists and commanded by a regular officer. They were independent because they were not attached to a specific regiment.

Interview

Braddock's Defeat: An Interview with David Preston

[34] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 105. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, May 27, 1754

Primary Source

Journal of Maj. Washington

[37] The fort was completed on June 2, four days after Jumonville. See Anderson 59.

[38] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 124. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, June 3, 1754.

• [39] Joshua Frye was killed after falling from his horse.
• [42] The exact location of the Redstone Creek building is unknown, but it was south of present-day Fayette City, Pennsylvania. It is about 30 miles northwest of Great Meadows.
• [43] The independent companies remained behind. Washington and Mackay disagreed about who should be in command.

[46] Freeman, 403. Anderson, 62-63.

[47] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 172. George Washington's Account of the Capitulation of Fort Necessity. 1786.

LA Dodgers Close in on Another NL West Title

[48] Freeman, 405. Anderson, 63.

[49] Peyronie was wounded or succumbed to previous wounds before the negotiations were concluded, leaving Van Braam as the sole translator.

[50] Freeman, 408. Anderson, 64.

[51] The published terms caused a great stir in France and England. They portrayed the British as aggressors. The French were outraged that their ambassador had been killed. Washington found Jumonville's actions highly suspicious of an envoy and believed him to be a spy using the ambassador's letters as a cover. [56] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I., 225. George Washington to William Fitew, November 15, 1754.

Dodgers aiming high

[57] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 243, George Washington to Robert Orme, March 15, 1755; Papers, Colonial Series, vol. I, 250, George Washington to William Byrd, April 20, 1755.

[58] For a more complete account of the expedition, see the essay "Washington and the Battle of the Flying Squirrel."

[59] Freeman, Washington, vol. II, 109.

[60] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 5-6. Instructions from Robert Dinwiddie to George Washington, August 14, 1755.

Another winning weekend

[61] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 102-103. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, October 11, 1755.

[62] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 335. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, April 7, 1756.

[George Washington to John Robinson, November 1756.

[64] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 30-1. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, September 11, 1755.

Sunday eye-catchers

[65] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 102. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, October 11, 1755. "I meet with the greatest opposition in all things, and will not obey any command except one which a body of soldiers or my own drawn sword shall enforce upon me; without which I cannot obtain even a horse for the most urgent occasion." [66] But I have renounced nothing, when his majesty's service demands the contrary, and my proceedings are justified by my orders.

[66] Some say that the failure to provide sufficient troops for the Virginia regiments was due to the House's indifference to frontier defense. Its most influential members were large farmers from the Tidewater, who had little interest in the frontier. They were more concerned about potential slave rebellions. They allocated 55% of the military budget to the militia for internal security, and 45% to the Virginia regiments for external security. See Anderson 159-160. [67] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 105. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, October 11, 1755.

[68] Papers, Colonial Series, vol. II, 334. George Washington to Robert Dinwiddie, April 7, 1756.